Ronald Takakis Iron Cages Race and Culture in...

Ronald Takakis Iron Cages: Race and Culture in 19th-Century America After America declared its independence from British rule, the founding fathers faced a conundrum: How to build and maintain a successful republican government that was ultimately dependent upon the passions and character of its people. Their solution was to propose the construction of what historians have called iron cages, which were ideological devices intended to deter the corruption and folly that might consume a free people, and instead promoterational and virtuous American citizens. Ronald Takaki expands upon this concept in his historical analysis, Iron Cages: Race and Culture in 19th-Century America, explaining that these constructs functioned†¦show more content†¦Long after the war for independence had been fought, such literature continued to function as the means by which racial ideologies were reflected, reinforced and reconstructed. Takakis survey of nineteenth-century white prejudice towards those both native and foreign to America reveals how national identit y ultimately emerged out of a national literature. Takaki commences his history post-Revolution with the works of Benjamin Rush and Thomas Jefferson, regarded for their immense influence upon American culture. Although Rush believed that the future population of America would be homogenous, he also anticipated the presence of blacks within it. The Philadelphia doctor rationalized his claim in a 1792 paper, wherein he attributed the skin color of the African race to leprosy. Rush stressed the avoidance of interracial relations due to the infectious nature of the disease, but added that medicine enabled an eventual cure: The Negros skin could thus be restored to its healthy whiteness. Takaki notes the impact of Dr. Rushs paper, stating that, Ever since theseventeenth century, a need to explain the Negros black skin had existed in white America. With Rushs explanation came social acceptance of the unnatural, inferior color and necessary separation of the diseased African race. Like Benjamin Rush, Thomas Jefferson also believed that republicanism could only be achieved amongst a homogenous

Racial Profiling The Black Or White - 1262 Words

Racial profiling has become a big thing in the world today. I honestly believe it has always been a problem. Racial profiling is someone who is a different color and is blamed for a crime because of the color of their skin. When someone commits a crime, the police are going to suspect it was someone of color, rather than someone who is white. There are about 770,000 interracial crimes committed a year involving Blacks and Whites. Blacks commit 85 percent, and Whites commit 15 percent. As it shows there are more Blacks that commit crimes then whites, but it doesn’t mean we should jump to conclusion on if it was the black or white person. Honestly, looks can be deceiving, because there are plenty of white people who we thought wouldn’t commit a crime but did. By crimes I mean embezzlement, fraud, and sometimes even murder. You would think it would be more of a white crime if it was embezzlement and fraud because what black person is smart. You would think murders would be done by the black person because, white people don’t murder unless they were raised with colored people. Black people aren’t more likely to go to prison for embezzlement or fraud, but they could. White people aren’t more likely to go to prison because of murder, but they could. That is why racial profiling is such a serious thing because you never know who did it unless you make observations. Last year there were four unarmed black men killed by white police men. One of the men was Eric Garner, who was aShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling1165 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction What is racial profiling? The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) defines racial profiling as â€Å"the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual’s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (2005). Do not confuse racial profiling with criminal profiling; criminal profiling is usually practiced by police in which they use a group of characteristics that are associated with crime to target individualsRead MoreRacial Profiling In Cry, The Beloved Country By Alan Paton988 Words   |  4 PagesCountry, Alan Paton reveals how blacks were treated unfairly because whites profiled them as being uneducated, poor, and criminals. Similarly, one of the key issues in America today is Racial Profiling which leads to white police officers shooting and sometimes killing blacks. This profiling is most likely the result of white police officers thinking that blacks are not educated, poor, and often c ommit crime. This essay will focus on the causes of racial profiling in society and how it could be avoidedRead MoreProfessional Racism and Discrimination1117 Words   |  5 PagesDepartment has a reputation for using race as a basis to catch criminals. Racial profiling is the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for believing an individual is suspicious of committing a crime. Discriminatory or abusive behavior towards people of color affects the justice system and violates people’s human rights. The LAPD continues to use racial profiling against mostly African-Americans and Latinos. The use of racial profiling by the LAPD prevents the police from serving the whole community. BecauseRead More Racial Targeting and Profiling in the United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesRacial Targeting and Profiling in the United States The practice of targeting individuals for police investigation based on their race alone in the last few years has been an increasingly prominent issue in American society. Numerous magazines, newspapers, and journals have explored the issue of race-motivated police actions. Recently, the ABA Journal did a study of New Jersey and Pennsylvania traffic stops from 1998 to 2001, concluding that black drivers were more likely to be pulled over andRead MoreRacial Profiling and Racial Discrimination Should be Illegal1369 Words   |  6 Pageswere white? According to a 2009 poll by ABC News, 74% of African Americans polled have experienced racial discrimination. On the other hand, only 30% of whites have experienced racial discrimination (ABC). Empirical evidence confirms the existence of racial profiling on American roadways. At the national level, the U.S. Department of Labors Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that in 2005, â€Å"police actions taken during a traffic stop were not uniform across racial and ethnic categories. Black driversRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil War On Drugs1342 Words   |  6 PagesMany People think of racial profiling as relatively recent phenomena that manifested in the 1980s, as the news of Blacks being pulled over for â€Å"driving while black† began making national headlines. Racial Profiling is a new term for action against black people that, dates back 300 years and is a not relatively recent manifestation of discriminatory conduct by police and the criminal justice system which dates back to the 1700s in the United States for people of African descent. Many equate the warRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement1065 Words   |  5 Pagespast, but it’s not. There are numerous people who are racist in law enforcement and that is demonstrated through racial profiling. Racial profiling still exists today and unfortunately happens frequently. In 2013, an unarmed black male, Trayvon Martin, is shot and killed by an officer. In 2014, Michael Brown, who is also a black male is shot and killed by another officer. Also, many black and Hispanic people are racially profiled and stopped by the police for suspicion of drug possession. In ArizonaRead MoreRacial Profiling Against African Americans1614 Words   |  7 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justified Racial Profiling Against African Americans Racial profiling is simply, â€Å"the unlawful police practice of using race, color, or ethnic background, as the reason for conducting a traffic stop on an individual.† (Michigan Civil Rights Commission) This definition can be extended to any kind of discrimination mainly based on myths and stereotypes towards a certain race or ethnicity. However, the term racial profiling is commonly used when a police officer or anyRead MoreArguments Surrounding Racial Profiling846 Words   |  3 Pages The arguments surrounding racial profiling can be distilled into two fundamental questions. Is this racial profiling practiced widely by police agencies in the United States? And if so, is the practice beneficial? Many feel that the use of profiles is beneficial for law officials. Some proponents argue that when race is used, but not necessarily as the sole factor profiles are useful. Additionally, those who support the use tend to find that complaints about profiling by raciall y underrepresentedRead MoreRacial Profiling1356 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: RACIAL PROFILING Racial Profiling: Are we Fighting it the Right Way? Racial Profiling: Are we Fighting it the Right Way? I would like to talk about an issue that is plaguing our community today and making the job of a Police Officer even more difficult than it already is. All for one reason, statistics!! Racial profiling to me is a lot like any other problem in our society today. Many have different opinions on why it happens, and what we should do about it if it does happen

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Punk And Hip Hop Music - 1084 Words

Punk rock music has been used for decades to express dissatisfaction with society, government, or any idea common in mainstream media. Yet punk rock is not simply a tangent of the mainstream, it is a dynamic and fluid genre with many distinct songs. Don Letts, a mainstay in the London punk scene during the 70’s and 80’s, went as far to say that hip-hop was essentially â€Å"black† punk. While punk and hip-hop music are stylistically different, the fundamental tone of the two genres is the same. Even throughout the decades, hip-hop has sang the same issues as punk, including the plight of the lower class, police brutality, and gang violence. No matter how the economy changes, for better or worse, there will always be a lower class that is struggling, and an upper class that doesn’t realize the troubles of the lower classes. In an aggressive attack at the upper class and even the government, The Sex Pistols wrote â€Å"God Save the Queen;† a song which would shock the entire nation. â€Å"God Save the Queen† attacked the monarch of the United Kingdom and her motives. The Sex Pistols wanted to emphasize how the government mistreated the lower/working class. The song claimed the people were slaves to the government and therefore made decisions based on how the government wanted them to behave. When The Pistols said â€Å"don’t be told what you want, don’t be told what you need† they were urging the lower class to make their own decisions, without influence from the government. Hip-hop about theShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Subcultures of Hip Hop and Punk903 Words   |  4 PagesSubcultures: Hip Hop and Punk South University Online Compare and Contrast of Subcultures: Hip Hop and Punk Differences in beliefs and values from what the â€Å"norm† considers the right way makes you a subculture, but what makes them unique are the instruments they use to make their voice heard. While most people have taken for granted their language, beliefs and values there are some who within their subculture use their music to escape forms of oppression and lack of freedom. Hip Hop and Punk are twoRead MoreHip Hop vs Punk1052 Words   |  5 Pagesfashion aspect in Hip Hop and Punk is very distinctive. Throughout Hips Hop’s history, the fashion trends have evolved, but the concept of Hip Hop fashion has always remained conceptually unchanged. This has given birth to a few varieties among Hip Hop fashion according to their respective generations and choice of self-expression through the four pillars of Hip Hop which are Bboying (dance), MC/Rap (music), DJ (music) and Graffiti Art (visual art). The varieties of fashion within the Punk culture differRead MoreThe Bad Touch Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent genre of music than the previous station that I had been listening to. I quickly noticed that this station was also playing the song â€Å"The Bad Touch† by the Bloodhound Gang. This lead me to my paper and research question. The situation that created the confusion of which genre the song belong to was the two different radio stations playing the same song. In order to better understand the two different genres of the radio station I would first have to decipher what music genre the two radioRead MoreRock And Roll : An Ongoing Process900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Beatles were a big game changer in the 1960s as everyone likes to use the term revolutionary to describe what happened with music. The beatles were even guilty of being traditional rock and roll as they played the standard instrumentation. They soon developed their sound and make noise featured into their songs. The beatles were interesting for their poppy and dazed music. They had an immense amount of styles they used for each album and sometimes individual songs. I think the varitues of the beatlesRead MoreCompaing Hip Hop and Rock Music Essay555 Words   |  3 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People all over the world listen to various types of m usic. The most popular kinds of music in America are hip hop and rock. As they seem to be totally different types of music they have a lot of similarities . Hip Hop and Rock music have more differences than similarities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hip Hop and Rock music are today’s people choice of music. People will find that teens and adults from the age of 20 to 34 listen to these two types of music. Not too often will you see or hear a teen listening toRead MoreMusic in Our Everyday Lives1330 Words   |  6 PagesOur everyday lives are affected by music. People listen to it in the car, while grocery shopping, in the movies, at home, and practically anywhere else possible. There are many different types and styles of music, the most influential being Hip-Hop/Rap music, followed by Rock and Roll. Music is often a mood-altering device used to make the listener feel a sense of belonging, happiness, or sorrow. The different genres of music can be used to describe a certain group of people, whether it be by clothingRead MoreMusic Makes Children Smarter : Music Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesMusic Makes Children Smarter Music in many ways. has a potential to allure an individual, especially children, to improve their intellect, when involved in music. Schools and organizations had researched and estimated that schools with music curriculum, have more graduation and successful rates than school that do not doesn’t have music subjects. Universities have concluded that a specific part of our brain had a major role that can progress to become intellectual when exposed to classical musicRead MoreDon t Understand Hip Hop Music s Appeal And Why Youth901 Words   |  4 PagesThe first claim Carl and Virgil make is that adults don’t understand hip hop music’s appeal and why youth listen to it (Taylor and Taylor 210). That claim, however, doesn’t have any substantial, credible, information to back it up. In fact, in a radio broadcast by Talk of the Nation, â€Å"A Look at Hip-Hop: Beyond Beats and Rhymes†, they discuss that one man as an adult listened to hip hop music as well, stating it was part of the urban culture and he loved listening to it, until he started learningRead MoreMusic Is The Greatest Singer Of The 20th Century1068 Words   |  5 PagesThe culture of music is one of the most ever evolving outlets society has, people from all around the world can find common ground between simple beats and rythyms. Music genres are built off of one another to develop new and unique genres, ranging from classical blues to heavy metal bands. In between the years 1960 and 2010 America has had over 13 diverse genres rule over musics Hot 100. Numerous talented artists have advanced music to what the world knows it as today. Frank Sinatra is one ofRead MoreAmerican Dance 1960’s-1990’s1211 Words   |  5 Pages60’s there were hundreds of new dances being introduced into America. Dance was on the up rise and brought a new light into people’s eyes. A popular artist by the name of Chubby Checker was a big hit during this decade. He introduced a lot of new music, but the biggest hit was his new version of the song called the â€Å"Twist†. It was a very simple dance and that’s what made it popular. Everyone could do it; it was as simple as placing one foot forward and twisting then repeating. This era of dance

Coyote Blue Chapter 16~17 Free Essays

string(39) " he found the card he was looking for\." CHAPTER 16 Live, Via the Spirit World Satellite Network Santa Barbara Lonnie Ray Inman was sitting in a worn leather easy chair listening for noises to sift down from upstairs. He had loaded and unloaded his Colt Python.357 Magnum four times, nervously fumbling its deadly weight as he alternately entertained fantasies of vengeance and prison. We will write a custom essay sample on Coyote Blue Chapter 16~17 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Every few minutes he would rise and go to the window to see if the black Mercedes was still parked out front, then he would pause at the front closet, where he opened and slammed the door until the violence in his heart subsided enough for him to sit again. He was short and dark and muscles stood out on his bare arms like cables. The front of his black tank top was soaked with blood where he had ripped the skin of his chest with his fingernails, trying to destroy the tattoo of a naked woman, the same woman whose picture was airbrushed on the tank of his Harley, the same woman who had turned his thoughts to murder. Lonnie Ray Inman dropped six cartridges into the cylinder of the Python and snapped it shut, determined this time to make it out the door and up the stairs, where he would burst through the door and kill Calliope’s new lover. Fuck prison. -=*=- A thousand miles away, ten thousand feet up in the Bighorn Mountains, Pokey Medicine Wing watched Lonnie loading the gun. Pokey was into the second day of his fast and had been searching the Spirit World for clues to the whereabouts of his favorite nephew, Samson Hunts Alone. He had called for his spirit helper, Old Man Coyote, to help him, but the trickster had not appeared. Instead he was seeing a white city, with red roofs and palm trees, and a man who wanted to murder Samson. Pokey’s body sat, dangerously close to death, in the middle of a two-hundred-foot stone medicine wheel, the holiest of the Crow fasting places, just west of Sheridan, Wyoming. Pokey had been under the hoof of a bull-moose hangover when he began the fast, and now the dry mountain wind was sucking the last life-water from his body. Alone in the Spirit World, Pokey was unaware of his heart struggling to pump his thickening blood. He looked for a way to warn Samson, and called out for Old Man Coyote to help. Coyote was in the locker room of the Santa Barbara YWCA when he heard Pokey’s call. He had entered as a horsefly, and after watching the women in the showers for a while had changed himself into a baby hedgehog and was rolled into a ball in the soap dish, imitating a loofah. Lazy by nature, Coyote had given his medicine to only three people since time began – Pokey, Samson, and a warrior named Burnt Face, who had built the ancient medicine wheel – so it took him a while to realize that he was being called. Reluctantly, he left the hedgehog body in the capable hands of a soapy aerobics instructor and went to the Spirit World, where he found Pokey waiting. â€Å"What?† Coyote said. â€Å"Old Man Coyote, I need your help.† â€Å"I know,† Coyote said. â€Å"You are dying.† â€Å"No, I need to find my nephew, Samson.† â€Å"But you are dying.† â€Å"I am? Shit!† â€Å"You should end this fast now, old man.† â€Å"But what about Samson?† â€Å"I’ve been helping Samson. Don’t worry.† â€Å"But he has an enemy who is going to kill him. I saw him, but I don’t know where he is.† â€Å"I know he has enemies. I am Coyote. I know everything. What’s this guy look like?† â€Å"He’s white. He has a gun.† â€Å"That narrows it down.† â€Å"He has a tattoo of a woman on his chest – it’s bleeding. He looks out a window and sees a motorcycle and a black car. That’s all I know.† â€Å"Do you have any water on the mountain where your body is?† â€Å"No. There’s a little snow.† â€Å"I will help you,† Coyote said. â€Å"Go now.† Suddenly Pokey was back in his body, sitting on the mountain. In his lap he found a package of dry Kool-Aid that had not been there before. He looked down at it and smiled, then fell forward into the dirt. In the shower of the YWCA a naked aerobics instructor screamed and ran into the locker room when the loofah she was using turned into a raven. The bird circled the locker room twice and nipped her on the bottom with its beak before flying down the hall, into the lobby, and out an open skylight. -=*=- Across town, Calliope took the empty salad bowl from Sam and set it on the dresser next to a statue of Buddha. â€Å"More?† she asked. â€Å"No, I’m full,† Sam whispered. Grubb had fallen asleep in his crib and Sam didn’t want to risk waking him. â€Å"Calliope,† he said, â€Å"is this guy dangerous?† â€Å"Lonnie? No. He thinks he’s tough because he’s in a biker club, but I don’t think he’s dangerous. His friends are a little scary, though. They take a lot of PCP and it makes them spiritually dense.† â€Å"I hate that,† Sam said, proud because he was spiritually dense without the aid of drugs. â€Å"I’m going to take the dishes out and check on J. Nigel. Why don’t you light some candles? I don’t think we should turn on the stereo, though. It might irritate Lonnie.† â€Å"We wouldn’t want that,† Sam said. -=*=- Outside, a raven landed on the hood of Sam’s car. Lonnie Ray saw it from his window. â€Å"Shit on it. Shit on it,† he said, but as he watched the raven seemed to disappear. Lonnie slammed the closet door until the doorframe splintered. Coyote was a mosquito making his way through the air vents of the Mercedes. He flew out of the defroster vent and settled on the driver’s seat, where he became a man. Sam’s Rolodex was on the passenger seat next to his pack of cigarettes. Coyote lit a cigarette and flipped through the Rolodex until he found the card he was looking for. You read "Coyote Blue Chapter 16~17" in category "Essay examples" He removed it and tucked it into the waist of his buckskins. -=*=- Lonnie Ray was rattling through the kitchen cabinets, looking for liquor, when he heard the pounding at his front door. On his way through the living room he snatched the Python off the easy chair and shoved it in his jeans at the small of his back. He threw open the door and was nearly knocked down by the Indian who brushed him aside on the way into the room. The Indian looked around the room and wheeled on Lonnie Ray. â€Å"Where is he? Where’s the bastard hiding?† Lonnie Ray recovered his balance and dropped his right hand to the grip of the Colt. â€Å"Who the fuck are you?† â€Å"Don’t worry about it. Where’s the guy that drives that Mercedes?† In spite of his own anger, Lonnie Ray was intrigued. â€Å"What do you want him for?† â€Å"That’s my business, but if he owes you money, you’d better get it back before I find him.† â€Å"You going to kill him?† Lonnie asked. â€Å"If he’s lucky,† the Indian said. â€Å"You got a gun?† â€Å"I don’t need a gun. Now where is he?† â€Å"Chill, man, I might be able to help you out.† â€Å"I don’t have time for this,† the Indian said. â€Å"I’ll just catch him at his house.† â€Å"You know where he lives?† Lonnie Ray asked. This was like a gift from heaven. He could send the Indian up to Calliope’s to do the dirty work: no risk, no prison. If it didn’t work, he and the boys could surprise the guy at his house tomorrow, no witnesses. Lonnie Ray hadn’t really relished the idea of having to shoot Calliope, anyway. â€Å"Yeah, I know where the bastard lives,† the Indian said. â€Å"But he ain’t there. He’s somewhere around here.† â€Å"You give me his address, I’ll tell you where he is.† â€Å"Fuck that,† the Indian said, shoving Lonnie against the wall. â€Å"You’ll tell me now.† Lonnie brought the barrel of the Python up under the Indian’s chin. â€Å"I don’t think so.† The Indian froze. â€Å"It’s on a card in my pants.† Lonnie Ray held out his free hand. â€Å"Don’t ever tell someone you don’t have a gun, dipshit.† The Indian lifted his buckskin shirt, pulled a card from his waistband, and handed it to Lonnie Ray, who glanced at it and spun the Indian around by one shoulder, pointing him out the door. Lonnie ground the barrel of the Python into the Indian’s spine, stood on his toes, and whispered threateningly into the Indian’s ear. â€Å"You didn’t come here and you didn’t see me. You understand?† The Indian nodded. â€Å"He’s upstairs,† Lonnie whispered. â€Å"Now go!† He shoved the Indian out the door. â€Å"And never, never fuck with a brother of the Guild.† Lonnie closed the door. â€Å"Fucking A,† he said with a giggle. -=*=- Upstairs, Calliope said, â€Å"Tell me what you know, Sam.† â€Å"About what?† â€Å"About anything.† She sat down next to him on the bed and brushed his hair back with her fingers. â€Å"Tell me what you know.† The silence that followed would have been awkward except Calliope seemed to expect it. She stroked his hair while he tried to think of what to say. He sorted through facts and figures and histories and strategies. Clever retorts, meaningless jokes, sophistries and non sequiturs rose in his mind and fell unspoken. She rubbed his neck and found a knot in the muscle that she worked her fingertips into. â€Å"That feels good,† Sam said. â€Å"That’s what you know?† A smile rose to Sam’s lips. â€Å"Yes,† he said. â€Å"What do you want?† she asked. He shot her a sideways glance and saw the candlelight gleaming in her eyes. She was serious, waiting for an answer. â€Å"Is this a test?† â€Å"No. What do you want?† â€Å"Why don’t you ask me what I do for a living? Where I live? Where I’m from? How old I am? You don’t even know my last name.† â€Å"Would that stuff tell me who you are?† Sam turned to face her and took her hand from his neck. He still had a niggling mistrust of her and he wanted to let it go. â€Å"The truth now – Calliope, are you part of something he cooked up? Some trick?† â€Å"No. Who’s he?† â€Å"Never mind.† Sam turned away from her again, stared at a candle flame on the dresser, and tried to think. She really didn’t know about Coyote. What now? â€Å"Well, what do you want?† she asked again. He snapped, â€Å"Dammit, I don’t know.† She didn’t recoil or seem hurt, but began rubbing his neck again. â€Å"You came here because you wanted me, didn’t you?† â€Å"No. Yes, I guess I did.† It wasn’t bad enough that she had to keep telling the truth; now she was expecting it back, and he was out of practice. â€Å"We’ve had sex. Do you want to go now?† Christ, she was like some gorgeous New Age district attorney. â€Å"No, I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Do you want a bowl of chocolate marshmallow ice cream?† â€Å"That would be great!† Sam said. Off the hook, no further questions, Your Honor. â€Å"See, it’s not that hard to figure out what you want.† She got up and left the room, heading for the kitchen again. Sam sat back and waited, realizing that it had been some time since a door had slammed downstairs. Suddenly he was very uncomfortable with the silence. When he heard footfalls on the stairs outside he leapt to his feet and ran to the kitchen. CHAPTER 17 A White Picket Fence Around Chaos Santa Barbara Sam hit the kitchen just as Yiffer stepped through the screenless section of the screen door. â€Å"Cool! Ice cream!† Yiffer said, staggering to Calliope’s side at the counter. â€Å"Keep it down, Yiffer. I just got Grubb and J. Nigel down.† Calliope picked up two full bowls of ice cream and nodded to the carton on the counter. â€Å"You can have the rest.† â€Å"Bitchin’.† Yiffer grabbed a serving spoon from the empty salad bowl and dug into the ice cream, shoveling a baseball-sized clump into his mouth. Sam watched in amazement as Yiffer mouthed the ice cream until he got his jaws closed around it, then swallowed the whole clump, dipping his head snakelike to facilitate the passage. â€Å"Oh, shit, man,† Yiffer said as he dropped the spoon and bent over, grabbing the bridge of his nose. â€Å"Major ice cream headache. Ouch!† Sam heard footsteps on the stairs outside, ran to the door, and popped his head out to see who was coming, ready to duck back inside should it be the crazed biker from downstairs. To his relief, Nina was trudging up the steps, obviously a little drunk herself. â€Å"Did Yiffer come home?† Sam said, â€Å"He’s punishing himself with ice cream as we speak.† â€Å"I’ll kill him.† She ran the rest of the way up the steps and Sam helped her wrestle the door open, then he stepped out of harm’s way as she stormed by him to Yiffer, who was still bent over, now holding his temples. â€Å"You jerk!† Nina shrieked. â€Å"Who was that woman at the bar? And where the hell is my money?† â€Å"Babe, I’m in pain here. I’m suffering.† Nina raised her fist as if to hammer Yiffer’s back, then she spotted the serving spoon, picked it up, and began whacking the surfer unmercifully on the head with it. â€Å"You want pain (whack!), I’ll give you pain (whack! whack! whack!). Suffering? (whack!) You wouldn’t (whack!) know (whack!) suffering (whack!) if (whack!)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Well,† Calliope said. â€Å"I guess you guys need a little space. C’mon, Sam.† She led Sam out of the kitchen and back to her bedroom. They sat eating and listening to Yiffer whining under Nina’s attack. After a few minutes she was losing momentum and Yiffer’s whines turned to moans. Soon Nina was moaning with him rhythmically. Sam stared at the candle on the dresser as if he hadn’t noticed. â€Å"They do this all the time,† Calliope offered. â€Å"I think Nina gets in touch with that male energy that equates violence and sex.† â€Å"Excuse me?† â€Å"Hitting Yiffer makes her horny.† â€Å"Oh,† Sam said. He flinched at the sound of breaking dishes from the kitchen. Nina screamed, â€Å"Oh, yes, you asshole! Yes!† Yiffer groaned. The house shook with the sound of a door slamming downstairs and J. Nigel joined the din with a wail of his own. â€Å"Lonnie must think that we’re doing it,† Calliope said. â€Å"Do you think he’ll give us time to explain before he shoots us?† â€Å"Don’t think about it.† Calliope stood and stepped out of her dress, then gestured for Sam to take off his shirt. The moaning in the kitchen was rising in intensity and J. Nigel was wailing like a siren. The windows rattled with a salvo of door slams. Sam looked at her and thought, A bowl of ice cream, a load of loonies, and thou†¦ â€Å"Now?† he said. â€Å"Are you sure?† Calliope nodded. She pulled his shirt off, then pushed him back on the bed and took off his shoes. Sam let her undress him as he tried to put the noise out of his mind. As she pulled the sheet over him and crawled in beside him, he imagined the two of them being shot in the act. When she kissed him he barely felt it. In the crib next to them Grubb began to stir, and with the next series of door slams and a crash from the kitchen he came awake crying. Despite Calliope’s soft warmth against him and the smell of jasmine on her hair, Sam was unable to respond. â€Å"He’ll be okay,† Calliope said. She stroked Sam’s cheek and kissed him gently on the forehead. â€Å"I’ll be back in a second,† Sam said. He got up and wrapped his shirt around his hips, then, checking the hallway, he darted out of the room and into the bathroom. He closed the door behind him and leaned against it, staring blankly at the ceiling. The sex sounds from the kitchen reached a crescendo with a piercing scream from Nina, then stopped, leaving only the sounds of crying babies and slamming doors. Sam took a deep breath. â€Å"I can’t do this,† he said to himself. â€Å"This is too weird. Too fucking weird.† He lowered the lid of the toilet and sat facing the shower stall, assuming the posture of Rodin’s Thinker. For once in his life, it really seemed to matter that the sex be good, but this was like a combat zone. â€Å"I can’t do this,† he said. â€Å"Sure you can,† a voice said from behind the shower curtain. Sam screamed and jumped to the top of the toilet tank. Coyote stepped out of the shower holding a beaded leather pouch. â€Å"What in the hell are you doing here?† Sam asked. â€Å"I’m here to help,† Coyote said. â€Å"Well, get out of here. I don’t need your help.† â€Å"You are wasting that woman.† â€Å"Do you have any idea what is going on around here? Listen.† Another door slammed and Nina resumed shouting at Yiffer. From what Sam could make out it had something to do with the yard sale. â€Å"You must leave here, then,† Coyote said. â€Å"You must find a place on the woman’s body and live there. Hear only her breath, smell only her scent.† â€Å"If you don’t get out of here I won’t even have a chance. What if she sees you? How could I explain your being here?† Thinking about it, Sam realized that if he told Calliope that there was an ancient trickster god in her bathroom she would accept it without question – would probably ask for an introduction. Coyote held out the beaded pouch. â€Å"Put this on your member.† â€Å"What is it?† Sam asked, taking the pouch. â€Å"Passion powder. It will make you as strong and stiff as a lance.† Sam shook the contents of the pouch – a fine brown powder – into the palm of his hand. He sniffed it. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"Corn pollen, cedar, sweet grass, sage, powdered elk semen – it is an old and powerful recipe. Try it.† â€Å"No way.† â€Å"You want the woman to think you are not a man?† â€Å"If I try it will you go?† Coyote grinned. â€Å"Put just a pinch on your member and you will pleasure the woman to tears.† â€Å"And you’ll go?† Coyote nodded. Sam tentatively took a pinch of the powder and began to sprinkle it on his penis. Calliope opened the bathroom door, catching Sam in mid-sprinkle. â€Å"You won’t need that, honey,† she said. â€Å"I’m on the pill.† â€Å"But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sam looked around for Coyote, but the trickster was gone. â€Å"I was just†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Being responsible,† Calliope said. â€Å"Thank you. Now come to bed.† She took his hand and led him out of the bathroom. Sam submitted, glancing over his shoulder for signs of Coyote. Yiffer and Nina had taken the fight to their bedroom. Nina was calling Yiffer an idiot and going on about a newspaper ad being misplaced. A door slammed downstairs and Yiffer stormed out of the bedroom. â€Å"I’m going to kick his ass!† he shouted. In the hall he looked up at Calliope and Sam as he passed. â€Å"Hi, kids,† he said, then he proceeded down the hall. Sam could hear the kitchen screen door ripping off the hinges as Yiffer went through. â€Å"You’re history, biker boy!† Calliope pulled Sam into the bedroom and closed the door. â€Å"Shouldn’t we call the police or something?† Sam asked. â€Å"No, he’ll be okay. Lonnie’s afraid of Yiffer. He won’t fight him and he’s afraid to shoot him because of jail.† â€Å"Oh, everything’s fine, then,† Sam said. â€Å"Come to bed,† Calliope said. Sam shot a glance to Grubb, who was lying quietly on his side staring suspiciously at Sam over the edge of a pacifier, as if saying, â€Å"What are you doing with my mom?† â€Å"Can we blow out the candles?† Sam asked. Without a word Calliope blew out the candles and pulled Sam down on top of her on the bed. Outside, the sounds of Nina screaming down from the top of the stairs, Yiffer pounding on Lonnie’s door, and J. Nigel crying for attention faded into white noise. â€Å"You must find a place on the woman’s body and live there.† In the dark, the noise far away, Sam ran his hands over Calliope’s body and the world of work and worry seemed to move away. He found two depressions at the bottom of her back where sunlight collected, and he lived there, out of the wind and the noise. He grew old there, died, and ascended to the Great Spirit, found heaven in her cheek on his chest, the warm wind of her breath across his stomach carried sweet grass and sage, and†¦ In another lifetime he lived on the soft skin under her right breast, his lips riding light over the ridge and valley of every rib, shuffling through downy, dew-damp hairs like a child dancing through autumn leaves. On the mountain of her breast, he fasted at the medicine wheel of her aureole, received a vision that he and she were steam people, mingled wet with no skin separating them. And there he lived, happy. And for the first time in years he felt that he was home. She followed, traveled, lived with him and in him as he was in her. They lived lifetimes and slept and dreamed together. It was swell. How to cite Coyote Blue Chapter 16~17, Essay examples

Turnover Rates and Organizational Performance †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Turnover Rates and Organizational Performance. Answer: Introduction: In any workplace, motivating the employees has become integral part of the management. Work managers must motivate employees to retain them and sustain the fierce competition. The human resource managers must focus on enhancing the employees performance and identify different motivating techniques. I will help gain the competitive advantage and achieve the organisational goals. In this situation, the leaders play an important role as they increase self-esteem of employees and promote their growth opportunities (Lazaroiu 2015). Considering the importance of the employee motivation and enhanced performance in an organisation, the essay aims to critique a research article, discuss the strength and weakness of the information provided. The discussion is supported with relevant literature pertaining to the area. The article chosen for this purpose is, The Effect of the Motivation Techniques Used by Managers to Increase the Productivity of their Workers and an Application by Guclu and Gune y (2017). In the article by Guclu and Guney (2017), a clear research question is presented to the readers. The research question is to determine the employees perception on use of motivation tool by manager for performance improvement in the work place. The thesis statement in regards to the research question is the effect of the motivation techniques used by managers to increase the productivity of their workers. The author supported the significance of the research by highlighting the needs of enhancing the skills and talents of the employees. From the literature review, it was evident that motivation by mangers evoked the hidden potential and power of the employees (Lazaroiu 2015). The importance of the research question formulated by the author is also realised by the emphasise laid on the maximisation of manpower efficiency in an organisation through motivation. The discussion on different motivation techniques to promote manpower efficiency also indicates that the research question is ju stified. In this research article, the author has well documented the supporting literature. The evidences provided are of high quality as it pertains to thesis statement and narrows down to the research question formulated. The research question is built based on the existing literature and the author had encompassed both old and the recent studies. It clearly indicates that the researcher has performed a thorough research on this subject. Starting from the broad perspective on the topic the author has presented the narrowed view on that is on managerial behaviour for employee motivation. However, some limitations could be observed in formulation of the research questions. It includes lack of presenting the literature gaps. The importance of the study would have been more prominent if the gaps of the previous researches were identified. Inspite of this limitation, a deep insight of relationship between the motivation and employees enhanced performance is expected from this study. F or a manager to successfully motivate the workers, it is important to have good relationship with the employees. The key determining factor in the employee motivation in any organisation is the managers and employees relationship (Cherian and Jacob 2013). Application of the self-efficacy theory, increase in career opportunities for the employees plays a key role in successful motivation of the employees and increasing their work related performance. The thesis statement presented by Guclu and Guney (2017) indicates that the research being conducted greatly focuses on the various motivation techniques. It is critical that the study evaluates the impact of these motivation techniques on the employees performance when used by the managers. The instrument used for addressing the research question was survey questionnaire. The survey was conducted for employees of a textile industry. Demographic details were to be obtained from the first section of the questionnaire. The second part of the questionnaire is designed to determine the employees perception on the use of different motivation tools. The author has performed statistical analysis for ensuring the validity of collected data. The study calculated descriptive statistics related to the frequency variance and safety analysis as per Cronbachs Alfa values. Further, statistical significance of the data is also calculated that will maximise the data validity. As the confounding varia bles were considered, it adds to strength of the study. Confounding variables when taken into consideration the chance of bias can be eliminated (Westfall and Yarkoni 2016). It will make the results more reliable. Appropriate sampling method is other important factor to enhance the validity of the data collected. However, the drawback of the study is that Guclu and Guney (2017) did not mention any details on the sampling method. It was found from the article that large sample size was not considered. Usually, surveys are meant to collect data from large population, as it is a quick process unlike qualitative interview. In order to gain employees perspective, it is effective to consider large sample size. In similar study by Fiaz et al. (2017), stratified sampling method was adopted, to determine the effect of different leadership style on employee motivation. The advantage of this sampling method is that it proportionately represents all the groups of participating members. Further, this method is advantageous in selecting best sample and represents the entire population while reducing bias in selection (Robinson 2014). The result findings of any study indicate the success of research. The relevance of the research results to the research question determines the use of data in any organisation for improvement in employee performance. In the study by Guclu and Guney (2017), the tabulated charts of statistical data are the strength of the research. The efficacy of various psychosocial, economic, management and organizational tools that have been used for enhancing the employee performance is indicated by the clear statistical data. It clearly indicates how these motivating techniques improve the employee efficiency. The results detailed the impact of the motivation on the textile industrys work force in terms of monthly salary, assignment status, education, and tenure in office. These factors are important to be considered as they determine motivation of an employee (Dobre 2013). The salary withdrawn and the scope of incentive mark an employees performance and contribution to the productivity. Similar ly, educational opportunities may contribute to motivation as it increases career choices. Therefore, these factors have an impact on the motivation. These data is crucial as it gives a hint on the employees idea of staying or leaving a job or level of motivation to move to higher hierarchical level in an organisation (Park and Shaw 2013). These data of the chosen study is consistent with the similar study undertaken by Bastons et al. (2017). This study determined that the workforces motivation is dependent on the internal factors such as job security and job satisfaction as well as external factors such as salary. Based on the analysis, I would like to present my viewpoint on the article that was critiqued. In spite of few contradictory points, I agree with many aspects of the research data. I think that it was justified enough for Guclu and Guney (2017) to emphasise on the efficiency of employees as it directly impacts the productivity. The statistically significant data pertaining to the different motivational tools used by manger for employee motivation implicates different organisations to put these tools into use to promote productivity. The factors mentioned in the study in regards to employees opinion of motivation appear to be valid. I favour the authors viewpoint of education as parameter to motivate people. Yes, it is valid because a worker with high educational status will perceive the efforts of motivation in a more conscious manner, when compared to those with low educational attainment. This parameter was also considered in other study by Malik, Butt, and Choi, (2015). This study showed that the employees self-efficacy is reflected by the education and work experience. Such attribute also influence the behaviour towards the intrinsic and extrinsic benefits in the organisation. The results pertaining to effects of motivation tools on different income group appears to be convincing. The members of the low-income group showed greater influence of psychosocial motivation tool on them. The influence was however, low on the members of high and middle-income group. It means psychological support for low earning members is effective technique boost morale and enthusiasm. Further, as a reviewer I would like to add that the leadership qualities and the personality of the motivator also matters in enhancing employee performance (Barrick, Mount, and Li 2013). For instance, famous personalities like Alan Joyce, the CEO of Qantas airways have been inspirational to many different organisations. His vibrant personality and leadership qualities improved employment engagement drastically (Sarina and Lansbury 2013). Therefore, managers personality can be also a source of motivation. The study by Lounsbury et al. (2016) evaluated Five personality traits and high scoring were openness, conscientiousness, customer service orientation, emotional stability, and openness. According to Pinder (2014), extrovert personalities can intrinsically motivate employees. This variable should have been considered in the chosen research article as a part of survey questionnaire. The research article by Guclu and Guney (2017) was critically analysed in the essay. It gave deep insights of impact of motivation tools on employee performance and productivity. The study results have many positive implications. Managers reading this article can apply the idea of motivation by considering the education and income status of the workforce. The results would be more interesting if the managers personality traits are also considered in survey. It is thus, recommended for future research as motivation process is influenced by the personality of the motivators. Overall, the essay has deepened the knowledge pertaining to effect of different motivation techniques on employees. Reference Barrick, M.R., Mount, M.K. and Li, N., 2013. The theory of purposeful work behavior: The role of personality, higher-order goals, and job characteristics.Academy of management review,38(1), pp.132-153. Bastons, M., Mas, M. Rey, C. 2017, "Pro-stakeholders motivation: Uncovering a new source of motivation for business companies",Journal of Management and Organization,vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 621-632. Cherian, J. and Jacob, J., 2013. Impact of self efficacy on motivation and performance of employees.International Journal of Business and Management,8(14), p.80. Dobre, O.I., 2013. Employee motivation and organizational performance.Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research,5(1), pp.53-60. Fiaz, M., Su, Q., Ikram, A. Saqib, A. 2017, "LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION: PERSPECTIVE FROM AN EMERGING ECONOMY",The Journal of Developing Areas,vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 143-156. Guclu, H. and Guney, S., 2017, The Effect of the Motivation Techniques Used by Managers to Increase the Productivity of their Workers and an Application. Lazaroiu, G., 2015. Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97. Lounsbury, J.W., Sundstrom, E.D., Gibson, L.W., Loveland, J.M. Drost, A.W. 2016, "Core personality traits of managers",Journal of Managerial Psychology,vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 434-450. Malik, M.A.R., Butt, A.N. and Choi, J.N., 2015. Rewards and employee creative performance: Moderating effects of creative self?efficacy, reward importance, and locus of control.Journal of Organizational Behavior,36(1), pp.59-74. Park, T.Y. and Shaw, J.D., 2013. Turnover rates and organizational performance: a meta-analysis. Pinder, C.C., 2014.Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Robinson, O.C., 2014. Sampling in interview-based qualitative research: A theoretical and practical guide.Qualitative Research in Psychology,11(1), pp.25-41. Sarina, T. and Lansbury, R.D., 2013. Flying high and low? Strategic choice and employment relations in Qantas and Jetstar.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,51(4), pp.437-453. Westfall, J. and Yarkoni, T., 2016. Statistically controlling for confounding constructs is harder than you think.PloS one,11(3), p.e0152719.

English as a Global Language free essay sample

English as a Global Language English is fast becoming the dominant means by which the world is able to communicate. It is being referred to as the global language as it is seen as a common means for interaction between different countries. This new phenomena can be seen in a positive light because the use of English as a common language brings efficiency and greater understanding. Growth and development are not tolerant of differences and English becomes a means for international expansion. Nonetheless this also brings with it a development which â€Å"gobbles up cultures and traditions†. In South East Asia, as a result of English becoming a kind of global currency, there is a large turn towards acquiring language skills not in any language but most specifically in English. As the world becomes more â€Å"globalised† or as corners of the planet open up for trade relations with other countries and tourism booms, the need for English increases. In the outer circle are those countries where English has official or historical importance (special significance).This includes most of the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations (the former British Empire), including populous countries such as India, Pakistan and Nigeria; and others, such as the Philippines, under the sphere of influence of English-speaking countries. Here English may serve as a useful lingua franca between ethnic and language groups. Higher education, the legislature and judiciary, national commerce, and so on, may all be carried out predominantly in English. The expanding circle refers to those countries where English has no official role, but is nonetheless important for certain functions, notably international business. This use of English as a lingua franca by now includes most of the rest of the world not categorised above. [citation needed] An interesting anecdote is the developing role of English as a lingua franca among speakers of the mutually intelligible Scandinavian languages (Danish, Norwegian and Swedish). Older generations of Scandinavians would use and understand each others mother tongue without problems. However, todays younger generations lack the same understanding and some have begun using English as the language of choice. [2] Research on English as a lingua franca in the sense of English in the Expanding